استراتژی امنیت انرژی معاصر چین در غرب آسیا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

مدیر گروه سیاست خارجی پژوهشکده تحقیقات راهبردی، دکتری روابط بین‌الملل، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

با عنایت به وضعیت شکنندۀ سیاسی ـ ‌‌‌‌امنیتی غرب آسیا، چین که اکنون نزدیک به نیمی از نفت و حدود 10 درصد از گاز وارداتی خویش را از این حوزۀ راهبردی تهیه و تأمین می‌کند، در خصوص چشم‌انداز امنیت انرژی خود بسیار نگران است. حضور ایالات متحده، کنترل ضعیف کریدورهای انرژی، مثلث منازعات و تنش‌های میان کشورهای منطقه و ایران و آمریکا و جهت‌گیری سیاسی کشورهای غرب آسیا را باید به معمای امنیت انرژی چین در منطقۀ مورد اشاره اضافه کرد. در این راستا، چین به‌تدریج راهبرد کلی خود را برای تأمین امنیت انرژی در منطقه غرب آسیا مشخص‌تر ساخته است. بر این اساس نگارندۀ این پژوهش با روشی توصیفی ـ ‌‌‌‌تحلیلی درصدد بوده است در پرتو مفاهیم و معناها به چرایی این پرسش پاسخ گوید که «راهبرد امنیت انرژی چین در آوردگاه راهبردی غرب آسیا متأثر از چه مواردی است؟» و فرضیه‌ای که از معبر پرسش اصلی پژوهش مطرح گردیده، ناظر بر آن بوده است که جمهوری خلق چین با تمرکز بر سه مفهوم «امنیت دسترسی»، «امنیت انتقال» و «روند گذار انرژی»، تلاش دارد ضمن ایجاد تنوع در سبد واردات خود، موجبات ایجاد وابستگی متقابل انرژی، پیگیری سیاست محتاطانه و متوازن در رقابت‌های منطقه‌ای و فرامنطقه‌ای، تأسیس خطوط امن انتقال انرژی، حضور مستقیم نظامی در مناطق شکننده و پیگیری همکاری‌های اقتصادی مبتنی بر گذار انرژی را در منطقه فراهم کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

China's Contemporary Energy Security Strategy in West Asia

نویسنده [English]

  • Vahid Ghorbani
Head of Foreign Policy Department, Institute for Strategic Research, Ph.D. in International Relations, Shahid Beheshti University; Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Given the fragile political-security situation in West Asia, China which currently supplies about half of its oil and about 10 percent of its gas imports from this region, is concerned about the possible challenges deriving from its energy security prospects. The US presence throughout the region, Chinese weak control over international energy corridors, conflicts and tensions between the regional countries, Iran and United States, and of course the political orientation of West Asian countries should be added to the complexity of China's energy security dilemma towards this region. In this regard, China has gradually clarified the outlines of its strategy for ensuring energy security towards West Asia. At the heart of this article is the question, "What outlines the extent of China's contemporary energy security strategy towards West Asia?" Using a descriptive-analytical method and Focusing on the three concepts of "access security", "transportation security" and "energy transition process", the present study finds that the contemporary Chinese energy security strategy towards West Asia is based on a number of principles such as striving for diversification of its import, strengthening energy interdependence, pursuing a balanced and prudent policy regarding the ongoing regional and extra-regional rivalries, establishing safe corridors for energy transportation, keeping a direct military presence in sensitive areas and finally pursuing regional cooperation regarding energy transportation across West Asia.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • China
  • West Asia
  • Energy Security
  • Strategy
  • Oil and Gas
  • Access
  • transportation
  • Energy Transition

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