پژوهشـکده تحقیقـات راهبردی مجمـع تشخیـص مصلـحت نظـام فصلنامه روابط خارجی 2008-5419 17 3 2025 11 22 Politics and International Relations in the Hybrid Life of Artificial Intelligence سیاست و روابط بین‌الملل در جهان‌زیست هیبریدی هوش مصنوعی 35 64 228882 10.22034/fr.2025.496648.1619 FA وحید ذوالفقاری پژوهشگر پسادکتری سیاست تطبیقی و مدرس دانشگاه مونیخ، آلمان علی اکبر جعفری استاد روابط بین‌الملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران 0000-0002-7543-6365 Journal Article 2024 12 29 <span style="mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">An updated understanding of the knowledge of international relations (IR) needs a critical thought of international politics and its following developments. Without referring to this logic in an age of artificial intelligence (AI), thinking about these international developments would be invalid that could never review its theoretical approaches. Accordingly, the advent of informative-communicative mega-technologies have necessitated the rethinking of the theoretical logics of IR to manage the existing objective imbalance and empower the analytical richness of IR in order to understand the politics as a technic of thinking, not just a thought. According to above mentions, the central research question is how the different understanding of international developments by media will deepen the mutual relation of AI and IR? Paradigmatic developments in IR theories and the ongoing events in global politics on one hand, and deconstruction of the existing theoretical discourses on the other hand, shape the mutual relations of IR and AI. The finding of this research will herald a possibility of Algorithmic IR and Data governance. By employing the theory of proliferative and pluralist smart order, this paper will analytically test the hypothesis. Keywords: <span style="mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Informative-Communicative Revolution, International Politics, Knowledge of IR, Global System, Artificial Intelligence <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Extended Abstract <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">An updated understanding of the knowledge of international relations (IR) needs a critical thought of international politics and its following developments. Without referring to this logic in an age of artificial intelligence (AI), thinking about these international developments would be invalid that could never review its theoretical approaches. Accordingly, the advent of informative-communicative mega-technologies have necessitated the rethinking of the theoretical logics of IR to manage the existing objective imbalance and empower the analytical richness of IR in order to understand the politics as a technic of thinking, not just a thought. According to above mentions, the central research question is how the different understanding of international developments by media will deepen the mutual relation of AI and IR? Paradigmatic developments in IR theories and the ongoing events in global politics on one hand, and deconstruction of the existing theoretical discourses on the other hand, shape the mutual relations of IR and AI. The finding of this research will herald a possibility of Algorithmic IR and Data governance. By employing the theory of proliferative and pluralist smart order, this paper will analytically test the hypothesis. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Introduction <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">As a theoretical and perceptual science about politics and global structure, international relations discuss about the global developments based on linear approach and method. However, the dimensionality and space-oriented of international politics has demonstrated the intellectual and theoretical deficit of the current theories in the international relations. Furthermore, formation of quadrupled grand discussion in international relations between idealism-realism, behaviorism- traditionalism, post-behaviorism- behaviorism and rationalism-post-structuralism have mostly shown the theoretical challenges of the mega-approaches in international relations. Moreover, transition to the period of political pluralism and advent of artificial intelligence have unclosed the new type of theoretical revisionism and necessitated an updated interpretation about global developments. This brand new relation between science and technology is outspokenly confessed by realists, liberalists and constructivists as well. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Literature review <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The appearance of AI in the international relations has convinced the researchers to review their aged thoughts about the global politics. According to the existed literature, there are three different interpretations about the relation between IR and AI. Based on negativity orientation, some researchers understand the international relations as an independent science that has no connection with the advanced technologies. By accenting on the theoretical richness of IR, They reject any mutual relation of AI and IR. Some other literatures are commenting that although the IR is affected by digital technologies, however these types high-techs lack sufficient ability to provide a well-based opportunity for creative and independent activism in the international relation. So, they could be recognized as an advisory and supportive instruments that will not have power of independent decision making. Last but not least, the deep gap between theoretical analysis and the realities of international politics has paved the way for new group of researchers who concentrate on the mutual relation between IR and AI. Based on the experience of COVID-19, a huge gap has been appeared between theoretical approaches of IR and the current political realities, according to the supporters of the mutual relations of IR and AI. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Theoretical framework <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The pervasive and pluralist interpretation of IR is found as a new theoretical frame that challenges the intellectual monopoly of grand approaches in the IR such as realism, liberalism and constructivism. As a game-changer, this noval approach has vetoed the prerogative positions of the grand theories of IR and prepared the multilateral context for alternative theory. Furthermore, the manifestation of multi-voiced and multi-faced societies and transition of international politics to the new era of complex interdependency have attracted the AI to support the multilayered analysis. Finally, reproduction of democratic regimes around the world in an era of accelerated globalization, has feed the proliferative order in the new IR. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Main discussion <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">As a techno-theoretical approach and the fourth industrial revolution in the IR, exhibition of AI has been known as the detached logic of the IR. This new data-based and algorithmic regularity has entered a brand new of analytical method on the IR to appraise the current political developments in the IR properly. The growing importance of AI in the IR is owed to several functions. Firstly, the AI has well-equipped the science of IR with the fresh informative networks. Secondly, the AI has demonstrated the imperfectness of the old version theoretical analysis of the existed theories in the IR. Thirdly, omnipresence of the AI in the new life of global politics has encouraged the theoreticians to review on their accepted views. Finally, the AI has emerged as a mega-plan that seriously discuss with the grand theories of IR and propose a brilliant alternative. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">So, this informative and epistemological jump in the science of IR is changing the context of intellectual analysis from geopolitical to techno-geopolitical situation. In other word, by applying the neo-weberian approach and understanding the IR as a multi-facet and multi-world science, will test the optimality of the current macro-perceptions especially power, security, war, peace and liberty based on the standards of digital and data-oriented regularity. According to the digital standards of the AI, three different approaches are labeled. Based on one approach, the IR is as a transcendent politics which is needless to any change in its rule and remark. However, the IR is seen as a responsible politics that is subject to different environmental structure, geopolitical and institutional position of the countries. Finally, some are believed the IR as an institution-based and organization-oriented politics that is suffered by political power. By focusing on these different interpretations, two grand approaches can be extracted from the relations between AI and IR. According to one approach, AI is a normalizer in the new global politics that tries to support the theories of IR to well-analyze the current developments. However, AI in the view of the other approach is called as a veto-player that devalue the standards of analysis of the existed theories in the IR and press them to update their theoretical rules with digital data by increasing the costs of analytical dysfunction. The main lesson of this huge development in the new global politics is that the proliferation of AI and advent of intellectual pluralism does not turn to termination and demise of IR, but try to herald a new turning point in the IR that the analytical regulations of the global politics needs to change simultaneously with the technological evolutions in order to accredite its theoretical investments. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Conclusion <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The advent of AI in the IR is representing a new rationality in the theoretical analyses that gradually turn the science of international relations to a technical and digital art. Despite of the growing importance of AI, it needs to be mentioned that every change between AI and IR has to comply with 'regularity', 'legitimation' and 'appropriation'. In other word, every single influence of the AI on the structure of political analysis needs to be based on the rules of the science of IR. Moreover, the power of AI and its standards in the chain of analysis needs to be concurred with the logical goals such as updated analysis, development of the science of IR and representation of real analysis. Finally, the revision of the intellectual standards of the IR theories needs to be appropriated with basic accomplishments of the IR. درک روزآمد از علم روابط بین‌الملل، محتاج درنگ نقادانه در سیاست بین‌الملل و تحولات جاری در نظام جهانی است. اندیشه‌سازی درباره رخدادهای بین‌المللی بدون رجوع به این سازه ادراکی، شهودی از آرای بی‌اعتبار در عصر هوش مصنوعی شناخته‌شده که استعدادی برای بازاندیشی در سازه‌های تئوریک نخواهد داشت. عطف به این حکم، پیدایش ابررسانه‌های ارتباطی-اطلاعاتی در معادلات جهانی، بازاندیشی در تدابیر نظری تئوری‌های روابط بین‌الملل جهت مدیریت معوقات فکری را به یک ضرورت بدل ساخت. اقتضای این ضرورت، مزید بر تلاش برای تدبیر ناترازی‌های نظری، تقویت غنای تحلیلی علم روابط بین‌الملل است تا سیاست را نه یک اندیشه خام، بلکه فن نظرورزی فهم کند. بررسی مبادی فوق، پرسشی را نزد نگاشته جاری بها داده که چگونه درک دیگرگون رخدادهای بین‌المللی توسط رسانه‌ها، موجد تعمیق پیوند هوش مصنوعی و علم روابط بین‌الملل می‌شود؟ تحولات پارادایمی در نظریه‌های روابط بین‌الملل و دگردیسی‌های مستحدث در سیاست جهانی از یک‌سو و رهیدن چرخه اندیشه‌ورزی از سلطه گفتمان‌های تئوریک از سوی دیگر، به چنین مناسباتی شکل می‌دهند. در صحت‌وسقم این سخن، یافته‌های پژوهش خبر از امکان ظهور روابط بین‌المللِ الگوریتمی و حکمرانی داده‌ها می‌دهند. فرضیه پژوهش با استقراض از نظریه نظم تکثیری و هوشمند، با روش تحلیلی به آزمون گذاشته می‌شود.

https://frqjournal.csr.ir/article_228882_f14fe06f4b9d4176fd65114f34e9dddc.pdf