The relation between economics and politics in the domestic and international spheres that shape economic diplomacy is essential for development. For this reason, development-concerned governments put this at the forefront of their policies. The present study also seeks to answer the main question: what is the position (role and importance) of economics and especially economic diplomacy in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran during the last few decades? The research claims that the mere attention to security issues and ignoring the economic goals emphasized by the upstream documents in the foreign policy orientations has caused the governments of the Islamic Republic of Iran not to have a specific economic strategy in the regional and international environment. The findings of the study indicate that the lack of specific economic strategies has caused fluctuations in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran during the four decades of the revolution, especially since 1989. Foreign policy pursuing cross-sectional policies in the political economy of the governments of Iran and the failure to achieve the goals envisaged in the five-year development plans are among the features of this period. Foreigners noted the impact of sanctions. Thus, in this research, an attempt is made to study the mentioned issue using a descriptive-analytical approach and relying on documentary sources.