International Quarterly of Foreign Relations

The International Quarterly of Foreign Relations supports the principles of transparency, accountability, and methodological rigor in scholarly research.

Authors are expected to provide sufficient information concerning:

• research design;
• data collection methods;
• sampling procedures;
• analytical techniques;
• theoretical assumptions;
• limitations of the study.

Data Availability Statement

Authors are encouraged to include one of the following statements:

Open Data

The data supporting the findings of this study are publicly available at [repository and link].

Available Upon Request

The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Restricted Data

The data are not publicly available because of legal, ethical, or confidentiality restrictions.

For research involving classified information, confidential interviews, or sensitive policy materials, authors should provide sufficient methodological transparency while respecting ethical and legal obligations.