تحول در سیاست خارجی و نقش جهانی آمریکا از منطق بین‌الملل‌گرایی لیبرال به نئومرکانتیلیسم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار روابط بین الملل دانشگاه یزد

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد روابط بین الملل دانشگاه یزد

چکیده

هدف اصلی این پژوهش مطالعة «تحول نقش جهانی آمریکا در عرصه بین‌الملل» بوده است. بر طبق استدلال این پژوهش سیاست خارجی ایالات ‌متحده آمریکا پس از جنگ جهانی دوم تاکنون مبتنی بر منطق بین‌الملل‌گرایی لیبرال بوده است و با به قدرت رسیدن دونالد ترامپ، تحولی جدید در نقش جهانی آمریکا در حال شکل‌گیری است که در صورت تداوم می‌تواند نظم بین‌الملل را متحول سازد. از این‌رو تمرکز پژوهش معطوف به استدلال‌های طرف‌داران ایفای نقشی محدود برای آمریکا در عرصه بین‌الملل بوده است. پرسش اصلی پژوهش این بوده که «چرا رویکرد دولت آمریکا در دوران ترامپ از منطق بین‌الملل‌گرایی لیبرال به منطق نئومرکانتیلی تغییر کرده است و آیا این تغییر می‌تواند نظم بین‌المللی را تغییر دهد؟» بر طبق فرضیه اصلی پژوهش هزینه‌مند بودن منطق بین‌الملل‌گرایی لیبرال برای آمریکا انتقادات گسترده‌ای را به همراه داشته و با قدرت‌یابی ترامپ، به‌عنوان جدی‌ترین منتقد این منطق، زمینه برای حرکت به‌سوی رویکرد نئومرکانتیلی فراهم آمده است. این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و از منابع مکتوب و مجازی برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات استفاده شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Trump Foreign Policy and Transformation into a Global Role of the United States

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Rasooli Sani Abadi 1
  • Sahar Barati 2
1 Associate Professor of International Relations, Yazd University
2 MA in International Relations from Yazd University
چکیده [English]

The main purpose of this research is to study the evolution of the global role of the United States in the international arena. This research argues that the foreign policy of the United States has been based on the logic of liberal internationalism since the Second World War, and the global role of the US has been undergoing a change since the presidency of Donald Trump as the most serious critic of this logic, which can change the international order as well if continued. Hence, the present research focuses on the arguments between the advocates of a liberal internationalist role for the United States and proponents of a limited role of this country in the international arena. The main question of the research is "Why is the US government's approach to the torpor era changed from the logic of liberal internationalism to the logic of Neomarktantal? And can this change change the international order? The main hypothesis of the research is that the cost-effectiveness of the rationale of liberal internationalism has led to widespread criticism for the United States, and finally, with the power of Tramp, as the most serious critic of this logic, the ground for moving towards the Neumarktantal approach has been provided. This is a descriptive-analytical study, the data of which have been collected using written and virtual sources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • US foreign policy
  • liberal international logic
  • Obama
  • Trump
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