ابتکار کمربند-راه و آثار راهبردی آن بر مناسبات هند و چین (2022-2013)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران

چکیده

چکیده
با استمرار خیزش چین و هند، دامنه رقابت این دو کشور به حوزه ‌های منطقه‌ ای سرایت کرده‌ و دو دولت مقدمه تبدیل شدن به قدرت جهانی را کسب جایگاه قدرت برتر در آسیا تلقی می کنند. در حالی که آثار مناسبات هند و چین، غالبا به بررسی روابط آن‎ ها در پیوند با قدرت ‎های بزرگ مخصوصا ایالات‎ متحده می پردازند، موج نوین رقابت‎ های منطقه‎ ای هند و چین در عصر «ابتکارهای کلان اتصال»، کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته ‎است. مقاله حاضر با کاربست روش توصیفی-تبیینی، مناسبات هند و چین را خارج از سطح سیستمی قدرت، تحت تاثیر ابتکار کمربند-راه چین و مجموعه اقدامات موازنه ‎ای هند در سطح منطقه ‎ای مورد بررسی قرار داده ‏است. در پاسخ به این سوال که تاثیرات کمربند-راه بر مناسبات هند و چین طی 2022-2013 چیست، فرضیه مقاله بر این اساس قرار دارد: کمربند-راه، تهدید‎های جدی علیه هند در آسیا ایجاد و منجر به اتخاذ اقدامات موازنه ساز این کشور شده است. در این خصوص استدلال می ‎شود، هند در برابر نقض حاکمیت ادعایی بر کشمیر، محاصره ژئوپلتیکی توسط چین و نگرانی از ایجاد نظم چین ‎محور در آسیا، از طریق تغییر سیاست دیرینه خود در کشمیر، مخالفت رسمی علیه کمربند-راه، ارائه ابتکارهای منطقه ‌ای و نقش‎ آفرینی در موازنه منطقه‎ ای علیه چین به موازنه ‏سازی علیه کمربند-راه دست زده ‎است. یافته ‎های این مقاله ضمن تایید تطبیق نسبی کمربند-راه و نظریه موازنه تهدید والت، پنجره ‎های جدید را برای بازسازی روایی این نظریه معرفی می ‎کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Belt-Road initiative and its strategic implications on India-China relations (2013-2022)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamali Chegnizadeh 1
  • hussein razavi 2
1 Associate Professor, International Relations Department, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Allameh Tabatabai University
2 Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University
چکیده [English]

Abstract
The continuous trend of the rise of China and India, has taken their competition to regional fields and both governments consider the seat of superior power in Asia the prelude for turning into a Global Power. While the publication that has been done on Sino-Indian relations mostly focus on its relations to great powers specially The US, the new wave of regional Sino-Indian competition in the era of "Major connectivity initiatives" has not received the ample attention. This article uses the descriptive-explanatory method to analyze the Sino-Indian relations outside of systemic level of power and under the influence of Belt and road Initiative (BRI) and series of balancing measures taken by India on regional level. To answer the question of "what was the impact of BRI on Sino-Indian relations between 2013-2022? This article hypothesize that BRI has posed serious threat for India and has made it to take balancing measures. It is argued that India in response to alleged violation of its sovereignty on Kashmir Region, geopolitical containment by China and concerns over a looming China centric new order has used its old policy change in Kashmir, official opposition to BRI and offering regional initiatives countering the BRI as India’s balancing measures against BRI. The findings of this article, while confirming the relative compatibility of BRI and Walt's balance of threat theory, introduce new windows for reconstructing the validity of this theory.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • connectivity initiatives
  • Belt and Road Initiative
  • balance of power
  • threat balance
  • sphere of influence

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